Editor: Akhmetova Aigerim
In nature, there must be harmony and balance everywhere.The human body, as a part of nature, is designed in such a way that all organs and systems function together.
This law also applies to the heart.
Thanks to long-term research, the parameters of the heart were determined for all age categories. The average size of this organ in an adult is 10-11 cm long, up to 11 cm wide, and about 8 cm thick.
The heart of newborns is much smaller. Its weight in infants is 20 grams, in adults 230 g.
For the normal functioning of the heart, it is important that its size is normal (more does not mean better). Only in this case, the organ can correctly perform its main function – to pump blood.
If one or more chambers increase in size, the activity of the heart becomes more difficult.Such changes in size are called cardiomegaly or "Bull heart".This pathology leads to depletion of the heart muscle and circulatory disorders.
Bull heart is not an independent disease, but rather a pathological condition, which leads to a combination of different factors.
It is extremely rare for congenital cardiomegaly to occur, which has an unfavorable course.
In this case,about 45% of infants recover, 25% survive, but they form left ventricular failure.About 30% of children with this pathology die in the first 2-3 months of life.
The reasons for the development of congenital cardiomegaly can be factors such as:
- Ebstein's anomaly;
- autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive syndromes;
- congenital heart defects;
- viral and infectious diseases suffered by the mother during pregnancy;
- adverse factors affecting the body of the future mother (ionizing radiation, smoking, etc.)
There are also a number of diseases that can cause an acquired "bovine heart":
- arterial hypertension
- coronary heart disease;
- viral infection
- kidney disease
- violation of the structure of the heart valves
In such cases, the body tries to compensate for the excessive load on the heart, which causes the walls of the myocardium to thicken.
This process consists of 3 stages:
1) The stage of compensation formation
2) The stage of fixing the compensation
3) Stage of exhaustion and decompensation
But the symptoms of this pathology are not very specific:
- general weakness
- rapid fatigue
-shortness of breath after exercise and at night
-the attacks of tachycardia
-ascites
- heaviness in the right side of the chest
- protrusion of the cervical veins
-edema of the lower extremities
In some cases, cardiomegaly is inherited.If a person has been exposed to the above factors, he is at risk for cardiomegaly.
In this condition, the heart muscle is unable to stretch and function properly.Our main body will not have enough capacity for a full-fledged reduction.As a result, the myocardium becomes flabby and wears out.There is a risk of heart failure and cardiac arrest.
Full recovery in this disease is unrealistic.As a result, the forecast is disappointing.
But with the right treatment, it is possible to improve the quality of life of such patients.
Take care of your most important organ from a young age.
